Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracReports

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01/28/14 11:09:39 (10 years ago)
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  • TracReports

    v1 v1  
     1= Trac Reports = 
     2[[TracGuideToc]] 
     3 
     4The Trac reports module provides a simple, yet powerful reporting facility 
     5to present information about tickets in the Trac database. 
     6 
     7Rather than have its own report definition format, TracReports relies on standard SQL 
     8`SELECT` statements for custom report definition.  
     9 
     10  '''Note:''' ''The report module is being phased out in its current form because it seriously limits the ability of the Trac team to make adjustments to the underlying database schema. We believe that the [wiki:TracQuery query module] is a good replacement that provides more flexibility and better usability. While there are certain reports that cannot yet be handled by the query module, we intend to further enhance it so that at some point the reports module can be completely removed. This also means that there will be no major enhancements to the report module anymore.'' 
     11 
     12  ''You can already completely replace the reports module by the query module simply by disabling the former in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]:'' 
     13  {{{ 
     14  [components] 
     15  trac.ticket.report.* = disabled 
     16  }}} 
     17  ''This will make the query module the default handler for the “View Tickets” navigation item. We encourage you to try this configuration and report back what kind of features of reports you are missing, if any.'' 
     18 
     19 
     20A report consists of these basic parts: 
     21 * '''ID''' — Unique (sequential) identifier  
     22 * '''Title''' — Descriptive title 
     23 * '''Description''' — A brief description of the report, in WikiFormatting text. 
     24 * '''Report Body''' — List of results from report query, formatted according to the methods described below. 
     25 * '''Footer''' — Links to alternative download formats for this report. 
     26 
     27== Changing Sort Order == 
     28Simple reports - ungrouped reports to be specific - can be changed to be sorted by any column simply by clicking the column header.  
     29 
     30If a column header is a hyperlink (red), click the column you would like to sort by. Clicking the same header again reverses the order. 
     31 
     32== Changing Report Numbering == 
     33There may be instances where you need to change the ID of the report, perhaps to organize the reports better. At present this requires changes to the trac database. The ''report'' table has the following schema ''(since 0.10)'': 
     34 * id integer PRIMARY KEY 
     35 * author text 
     36 * title text 
     37 * query text 
     38 * description text 
     39Changing the ID changes the shown order and number in the ''Available Reports'' list and the report's perma-link. This is done by running something like: 
     40{{{ 
     41update report set id=5 where id=3; 
     42}}} 
     43Keep in mind that the integrity has to be maintained (i.e., ID has to be unique, and you don't want to exceed the max, since that's managed by SQLite someplace). 
     44 
     45You may also need to update or remove the report number stored in the report or query. 
     46 
     47== Navigating Tickets == 
     48Clicking on one of the report results will take you to that ticket. You can navigate through the results by clicking the ''Next Ticket'' or ''Previous Ticket'' links just below the main menu bar, or click the ''Back to Report'' link to return to the report page. 
     49 
     50You can safely edit any of the tickets and continue to navigate through the results using the ''!Next/Previous/Back to Report'' links after saving your results, but when you return to the report, there will be no hint about what has changed, as would happen if you were navigating a list of tickets obtained from a query (see TracQuery#NavigatingTickets). ''(since 0.11)'' 
     51 
     52== Alternative Download Formats == 
     53Aside from the default HTML view, reports can also be exported in a number of alternative formats. 
     54At the bottom of the report page, you will find a list of available data formats. Click the desired link to  
     55download the alternative report format. 
     56 
     57=== Comma-delimited - CSV (Comma Separated Values) === 
     58Export the report as plain text, each row on its own line, columns separated by a single comma (','). 
     59'''Note:''' The output is fully escaped so carriage returns, line feeds, and commas will be preserved in the output. 
     60 
     61=== Tab-delimited === 
     62Like above, but uses tabs (\t) instead of comma. 
     63 
     64=== RSS - XML Content Syndication === 
     65All reports support syndication using XML/RSS 2.0. To subscribe to an RSS feed, click the orange 'XML' icon at the bottom of the page. See TracRss for general information on RSS support in Trac. 
     66 
     67---- 
     68 
     69== Creating Custom Reports == 
     70 
     71''Creating a custom report requires a comfortable knowledge of SQL.'' 
     72 
     73A report is basically a single named SQL query, executed and presented by 
     74Trac.  Reports can be viewed and created from a custom SQL expression directly 
     75in the web interface. 
     76 
     77Typically, a report consists of a SELECT-expression from the 'ticket' table, 
     78using the available columns and sorting the way you want it. 
     79 
     80== Ticket columns == 
     81The ''ticket'' table has the following columns: 
     82 * id 
     83 * type 
     84 * time 
     85 * changetime 
     86 * component 
     87 * severity   
     88 * priority  
     89 * owner 
     90 * reporter 
     91 * cc 
     92 * version 
     93 * milestone 
     94 * status 
     95 * resolution 
     96 * summary 
     97 * description 
     98 * keywords 
     99 
     100See TracTickets for a detailed description of the column fields. 
     101 
     102Example: '''All active tickets, sorted by priority and time''' 
     103{{{ 
     104SELECT id AS ticket, status, severity, priority, owner,  
     105       time AS created, summary FROM ticket  
     106  WHERE status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened') 
     107  ORDER BY priority, time 
     108}}} 
     109 
     110--- 
     111 
     112== Advanced Reports: Dynamic Variables == 
     113For more flexible reports, Trac supports the use of ''dynamic variables'' in report SQL statements.  
     114In short, dynamic variables are ''special'' strings that are replaced by custom data before query execution. 
     115 
     116=== Using Variables in a Query === 
     117The syntax for dynamic variables is simple, any upper case word beginning with '$' is considered a variable. 
     118 
     119Example: 
     120{{{ 
     121SELECT id AS ticket,summary FROM ticket WHERE priority=$PRIORITY 
     122}}} 
     123 
     124To assign a value to $PRIORITY when viewing the report, you must define it as an argument in the report URL, leaving out the leading '$'. 
     125 
     126Example: 
     127{{{ 
     128 http://trac.edgewall.org/reports/14?PRIORITY=high 
     129}}} 
     130 
     131To use multiple variables, separate them with an '&'. 
     132 
     133Example: 
     134{{{ 
     135 http://trac.edgewall.org/reports/14?PRIORITY=high&SEVERITY=critical 
     136}}} 
     137 
     138 
     139=== !Special/Constant Variables === 
     140There is one dynamic variable whose value is set automatically (the URL does not have to be changed) to allow practical reports.  
     141 
     142 * $USER — Username of logged in user. 
     143 
     144Example (''List all tickets assigned to me''): 
     145{{{ 
     146SELECT id AS ticket,summary FROM ticket WHERE owner=$USER 
     147}}} 
     148 
     149 
     150---- 
     151 
     152 
     153== Advanced Reports: Custom Formatting == 
     154Trac is also capable of more advanced reports, including custom layouts, 
     155result grouping and user-defined CSS styles. To create such reports, we'll use 
     156specialized SQL statements to control the output of the Trac report engine. 
     157 
     158== Special Columns == 
     159To format reports, TracReports looks for 'magic' column names in the query 
     160result. These 'magic' names are processed and affect the layout and style of the  
     161final report. 
     162 
     163=== Automatically formatted columns === 
     164 * '''ticket''' — Ticket ID number. Becomes a hyperlink to that ticket.  
     165 * '''id''' — same as '''ticket''' above when '''realm''' is not set 
     166 * '''realm''' — together with '''id''', can be used to create links to other resources than tickets (e.g. a realm of ''wiki'' and an ''id'' to a page name will create a link to that wiki page) 
     167 * '''created, modified, date, time''' — Format cell as a date and/or time. 
     168 * '''description''' — Ticket description field, parsed through the wiki engine. 
     169 
     170'''Example:''' 
     171{{{ 
     172SELECT id AS ticket, created, status, summary FROM ticket  
     173}}} 
     174 
     175Those columns can also be defined but marked as hidden, see [#column-syntax below]. 
     176 
     177See trac:wiki/CookBook/Configuration/Reports for some example of creating reports for realms other than ''ticket''. 
     178 
     179=== Custom formatting columns === 
     180Columns whose names begin and end with 2 underscores (Example: '''`__color__`''') are 
     181assumed to be ''formatting hints'', affecting the appearance of the row. 
     182  
     183 * '''`__group__`''' — Group results based on values in this column. Each group will have its own header and table. 
     184 * '''`__grouplink__`''' — Make the header of each group a link to the specified URL. The URL is taken from the first row of each group. 
     185 * '''`__color__`''' — Should be a numeric value ranging from 1 to 5 to select a pre-defined row color. Typically used to color rows by issue priority. 
     186{{{ 
     187#!html 
     188<div style="margin-left:7.5em">Defaults:  
     189<span style="border: none; color: #333; background: transparent;  font-size: 85%; background: #fdc; border-color: #e88; color: #a22">Color 1</span> 
     190<span style="border: none; color: #333; background: transparent;  font-size: 85%; background: #ffb; border-color: #eea; color: #880">Color 2</span> 
     191<span style="border: none; color: #333; background: transparent;  font-size: 85%; background: #fbfbfb; border-color: #ddd; color: #444">Color 3</span> 
     192<span style="border: none; color: #333; background: transparent; font-size: 85%; background: #e7ffff; border-color: #cee; color: #099">Color 4</span> 
     193<span style="border: none; color: #333; background: transparent;  font-size: 85%; background: #e7eeff; border-color: #cde; color: #469">Color 5</span> 
     194</div> 
     195}}} 
     196 * '''`__style__`''' — A custom CSS style expression to use for the current row.  
     197 
     198'''Example:''' ''List active tickets, grouped by milestone, group header linked to milestone page, colored by priority'' 
     199{{{ 
     200SELECT p.value AS __color__, 
     201     t.milestone AS __group__, 
     202     '../milestone/' || t.milestone AS __grouplink__, 
     203     (CASE owner WHEN 'daniel' THEN 'font-weight: bold; background: red;' ELSE '' END) AS __style__, 
     204       t.id AS ticket, summary 
     205  FROM ticket t,enum p 
     206  WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')  
     207    AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority' 
     208  ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time 
     209}}} 
     210 
     211'''Note:''' A table join is used to match ''ticket'' priorities with their 
     212numeric representation from the ''enum'' table. 
     213 
     214=== Changing layout of report rows === #column-syntax 
     215By default, all columns on each row are display on a single row in the HTML 
     216report, possibly formatted according to the descriptions above. However, it's 
     217also possible to create multi-line report entries. 
     218 
     219 * '''`column_`''' — ''Break row after this''. By appending an underscore ('_') to the column name, the remaining columns will be continued on a second line. 
     220 
     221 * '''`_column_`''' — ''Full row''. By adding an underscore ('_') both at the beginning and the end of a column name, the data will be shown on a separate row. 
     222 
     223 * '''`_column`''' — ''Hide data''. Prepending an underscore ('_') to a column name instructs Trac to hide the contents from the HTML output. This is useful for information to be visible only if downloaded in other formats (like CSV or RSS/XML). 
     224   This can be used to hide any kind of column, even important ones required for identifying the resource, e.g. `id as _id` will hide the '''Id''' column but the link to the ticket will be present. 
     225 
     226'''Example:''' ''List active tickets, grouped by milestone, colored by priority, with  description and multi-line layout'' 
     227 
     228{{{ 
     229SELECT p.value AS __color__, 
     230       t.milestone AS __group__, 
     231       (CASE owner  
     232          WHEN 'daniel' THEN 'font-weight: bold; background: red;'  
     233          ELSE '' END) AS __style__, 
     234       t.id AS ticket, summary AS summary_,             -- ## Break line here 
     235       component,version, severity, milestone, status, owner, 
     236       time AS created, changetime AS modified,         -- ## Dates are formatted 
     237       description AS _description_,                    -- ## Uses a full row 
     238       changetime AS _changetime, reporter AS _reporter -- ## Hidden from HTML output 
     239  FROM ticket t,enum p 
     240  WHERE t.status IN ('new', 'assigned', 'reopened')  
     241    AND p.name=t.priority AND p.type='priority' 
     242  ORDER BY t.milestone, p.value, t.severity, t.time 
     243}}} 
     244 
     245=== Reporting on custom fields === 
     246 
     247If you have added custom fields to your tickets (a feature since v0.8, see TracTicketsCustomFields), you can write a SQL query to cover them. You'll need to make a join on the ticket_custom table, but this isn't especially easy. 
     248 
     249If you have tickets in the database ''before'' you declare the extra fields in trac.ini, there will be no associated data in the ticket_custom table. To get around this, use SQL's "LEFT OUTER JOIN" clauses. See [trac:TracIniReportCustomFieldSample TracIniReportCustomFieldSample] for some examples. 
     250 
     251'''Note that you need to set up permissions in order to see the buttons for adding or editing reports.''' 
     252 
     253---- 
     254See also: TracTickets, TracQuery, TracGuide, [http://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html Query Language Understood by SQLite]